Liulin-5, Part of “Matroshka-R”, Inside Russian segment of ISS
Satellite provider: ROSCOSMOS
Experiment name: Matroshka
Instrument name: Liulin-5
Cooperation: Bulgaria, Russia
Begin-end of data: 17/05/2007-
PI/CoPI: V. Petrov, IMBP, J. Semkova, SRTI
Main description Reference:
Semkova et al., 2003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1177(02)00952-3 and 2008, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2007.01.008
Units: Size [mm]/Mass [kg]: Liulin-5, Dosimetric telescope by 3 detectors (F50/30x191 mm, 0.4 kg); Electronic block, (160х90х30 mm, 0.8 kg)
Place, Shielding [g cm-2]: Inside the Russian segment of the ISS; >20 g cm-2;
Resolution [sec]/[min]: 20 or 90 sec for dose rate and flux, 15 or 85 min for LET and deposited energy spectra
External view of Phantom in MIM1 module and Liulin-5 detector
External view of R3DE instrument
Block-diagram of Liulin-5 instrument.
Dose measurement algorithms and formulas*
From each detector the energy deposition spectrum for a measurement cycle is recorded in two 256 channel sub-ranges. Then the overall energy deposition spectrum is constructed in 512 channels. The energy ΔE deposited in the detector is proportional to the value k1å(iNi)+k2å(jNj), and the incident particle flux is proportional to åNi.+åNj. Here i and j are the spectral channel numbers in the two sub-ranges (lowLET and highLET), Ni and Nj are the amounts of particles registered in channels i and j of the corresponding sub-ranges, and k1 and k2 are normalization coefficients. The values å(iNi), å(jNj), åNi, åNj are recorded for given time intervals and are used for calculation of the doses and particle fluxes rates.
The absorbed dose in the detector is calculated as D = ΔE/m,
where m is the mass of the detector.
The energy deposition spectrum measured in the D1 detector in coincidence mode with D2 is recorded and used to obtain the LET spectrum. Since the incidence angle of the particles is not measured, the energy deposition is converted into a mean LET in silicon as: LET(Sii) = ΔEi/hD1
where ΔEi is the deposited energy in channel i, LET (Sii) is the LET in silicon in channel i (here i is from 1 to 512) and hD1 is the thickness of D1. Calculations show that the dependence of the effective area of the telescope on the particle incident angle is practically linear and decreases from 2.324 сm2 at 0o between the telescope axis and flux to 0 сm2 at 40.7o. The average increase of the particle range in the detector in the case of incidence not parallel to the axis is 7%.
The LET spectra in silicon are used for calculation of the differential and integral LET spectra in water, the absorbed dose rates and the quality factors. The energy deposition in water is taken to be 1.24. LET (H2O) is then found by the following relation:
LET (H2O) = 1.24xLET (Si) /2.34 (6)
Taking into account that the relation between LET (H2O) and LET (Si) changes with proton energy Ep from 1.27 for Ep =30 MeV to 1.21 for Ep = 1000 MeV and that for a typical energy Ep = 100 MeV the conversion coefficient is 1.24, the maximum difference of LET (H2O) obtained by using a real conversion function and the simple conversion factor is less than 3%.
To obtain the dose of the isotopically incident particles from the dose measured by the D1-D2 telescope, the dose calculated from the D1-D2 coincidence spectrum is multiplied by a correction coefficient of 13.5.
Full text data string description
Date/Time (DD/MM/YYYY hh:mm:ss); mode of operation; “1” means Standard mode - dose and flux rates have a time resolution of 90 s, the cycle of measurement of energy deposition spectra and LET spectra is 90 min. “2” means Fast mode - dose and flux rates have a time resolution of 20 s, energy deposition spectra and LET spectra are constructed for every 15 min of measurements. This mode is used for measurements in the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) or during Solar Particle Events; ascending or descending (A/D); altitude (ALT) (km) longitude (LONG) (deg); latitude (LAT) (deg); L value (L); total magnetic field strength (BMAG) (Gauss); INVLAT (invariant latitude) (deg); LT (local time) (hours); MLT (magnetic local time) (hours); absorbed dose rate1D* (DOSE) (mGy h-1); ); absorbed dose rate2D (DOSE) (mGy h-1);); absorbed dose rate3D (DOSE) (mGy h-1); flux1D (FLUX) (cm-2 s-1); flux2D (FLUX) (cm-2 s-1); flux3D (FLUX) (cm-2 s-1); (*1D means first detector). All files are in csv format.
Link to the full text files: http://esa-pro.space.bas.bg/datasources/LIULIN_5
Table with available data
|
Start (yyyy mm dd hh mm ss) |
End (yyyy mm dd hh mm ss) |
Position in the Russian segment of ISS |
Valid data |
|
2007 07 03 10 25 09 |
2007 07 09 10 45 13 |
PIER module, |
all |
|
07 07 03 10 23 39 |
07 07 09 11 10 05 |
Inside the phantom |
|
|
05 09 2007 13:09:33 |
10/09/2007 07:32:17 |
all |
|
|
2007 09 05 13 10 18 |
2007 09 10 07 34 33 |
||
|
07 09 05 13 08 48 |
07 09 10 02 58 47 |
||
|
2007 10 16 14 38 47 |
2007 10 31 23 58 34 |
All- partially |
|
|
2007 11 01 00 00 06 |
2007 11 25 00 57 21 |
all- partially |
|
|
2007 12 01 00 01 11 |
2007 12 31 23 59 36 |
F1, F2, D1, D2 |
|
|
2008 01 12 14 28 08 |
2008 01 31 23 28 22 |
all |
|
|
2008 02 01 00 01 27 |
2008 02 29 23 59 52 |
all |
|
|
2008 03 01 00 00 43 |
2008 03 31 23 59 30 |
all |
|
|
2008 04 01 00:00:12 |
2008 04 30 23 59 10 |
all |
|
|
|
|
||
|
2008 05 01 00 00 41 |
2008 05 31 23 59 39 |
||
|
2008 06 01 00 00 10 |
2008 06 23 14 30 52 |
F1, F2, D1, D2 |
|
|
|
|
||
|
2008 07 21 11 22 11 |
2008 07 31 23 59 10 |
||
|
2008 08 01 00 00 41 |
2008 08 31 23 59 08 |
F1, F2, D1, D2 |
|
|
|
|
||
|
2008 10 23 21 11 35 |
2008 11 01 20 22 00 |
||
|
2008 09 01 00 00 35 |
2008 09 30 23 59 30 |
|
F1, F2, D1, D2 |
|
2008 10 01 99 91 00 |
2008 10 18 14 51 14 |
||
|
2008 12 01 00 00 37 |
2008 12 12 09 17 26 |
||
|
2009 02 23 12:40:06 2009 02 23 12 40 06 |
2009 02 28 23:59:50 2009 02 28 23 59 50 |
all |
|
|
31/03/2009 08:33:25 |
15/06/2009 11:56:38 |
PIER module, |
F2, F3, D2, D3 |
|
|
|
Inside the |
|
|
2009 03 13 20 48 40 |
2009 03 31 23 59 36 |
phantom |
|
|
2009 04 01 00 10 55 |
2009 04 30 23 59 22 |
PIER module, Inside the phantom |
F2, F3, D2, D3 |
|
2009 05 01 00 00 52 |
2009 05 29 16 54 08 |
PIER module, Inside the phantom |
F2, F3, D2, D3 |
|
2009 06 23 12 39 09 |
2009 06 30 23 59 12 |
PIER module, Inside the phantom |
F2, D2 |
|
29/06/2009 09:57:29 |
10/07/2009 19:02:52 |
PIER module, |
F2, D2 |
|
|
|
Inside the |
|
|
2009 07 01 00 01 14 |
2009 07 31 09 18 32 |
phantom |
|
|
07/08/2009 12:47:12 |
25/08/2009 17:56:47 |
PIER module, |
F2, D2 |
|
2009 08 01 00 00 44 |
2009 08 31 23 58 33 |
Inside the |
|
|
phantom |
|||
|
2009 08 25 14 16 48 |
2009 09 05 02 22 27 |
F2, F3, D2, D3 |
|
|
18/11/2009 16:31:30 |
23/11/2009 10:04:27 |
PIER module, |
F2, F3, D2, D3 |
|
2009 11 23 10 58 19 |
2009 11 26 16 04 56 |
Inside the |
|
|
phantom |
|||
|
2009 12 01 00 00 50 |
2009 12 31 23 59 55 |
F2, D2, |
|
|
07/01/2010 13:18:27 |
09/01/2010 06:40:34 |
PIER module, |
F2, D2, |
|
|
|
Inside the |
|
|
2010 01 01 00 00 11 |
2010 02 28 23 58 39 |
phantom |
|
|
03/03/2010 15:00:11 |
14/03/2010 23:37:22 |
PIER module, |
F2, F3, D2, D3 |
|
|
|
Inside the |
|
|
2010 03 01 00 00 09 |
2010 03 14 23 41 55 |
phantom |
|
|
27/12/2011 18:50:48 2011 12 27 18 50 48 |
21/05/2012 12:24:23 2011 12 31 23 59 14 |
MIM1, Inside |
F1,D1, F3, D3 |
|
the phantom (behind panel |
|||
|
206) |
|||
|
2012 01 01 00 02 38 2012 02 01 00 00 05 2012 03 01 00 00 09 |
2012 01 31 23 39 26 2012 02 29 23 58 39 2012 03 31 23 59 22 |
MIM1, Inside the phantom (behind panel 206) |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
2012 04 01 00 00 52 |
2012 04 30 23 59 15 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
2012 05 01 00 00 44 |
2012 05 21 12 18 28 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
2012 05 21 12 18 28 |
2012 05 31 23 59 09 |
MIM1, Outside the phantom (behind panel205) |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
2012 06 01 00 00 39 |
2012 06 30 23 58 51 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
2012 07 01 00 00 21 |
2012 07 31 23 59 39 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
2012 08 01 00 01 11 |
2012 08 31 14 02 22 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
31/08/2012 14:59:01 |
12/09/2012 14:48:17 |
MIM1, Outside the phantom (behind panel 207) |
|
|
2012 08 31 14 59 00 |
2012 09 12 14 46 46 |
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
|
12/09/2012 16:51:32 |
14/10/2012 20:10:32 |
MIM1, Inside the phantom (behind panel 206) |
|
|
2012 09 12 16 52 45 |
2012 09 28 06 00 16 |
F1, F2, F3, D1,D2, D3 |
|
|
2012 09 28 05 01 46 |
2012 10 31 23 58 40 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
2012 11 01 00 00 10 |
2012 11 30 23 59 59 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
2012 12 01 00 01 29 |
2012 12 31 23 59 03 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
2013 01 10 00 00 13 |
2013 01 24 05 42 28 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
2013 01 24 06 49 36 |
2013 02 06 13 24 17 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
2013 02 06 14 44 17 |
2013 02 21 08 33 02 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
2013 02 21 09 09 06 |
2013 03 09 11 11 32 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
12/03/2013 17:39:42 |
18/05/2013 11:59:47 |
|
|
|
2013 03 12 17 39 04 |
2013 03 31 23 58 58 |
F1, F2, F3 D1, D2, D3 |
|
|
2013 04 01 00 00 28 |
2013 04 30 23 58 40 |
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
|
29/05/2013 01:04:47 |
29/05/2013 03:54:48 |
|
|
|
2013 05 01 00 00 10 |
2013 05 31 23 59 39 |
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
|
30/05/2013 15:02:27 |
02/07/2013 09:03:27 |
|
|
|
2013 06 01 00 02 00 |
2013 07 10 16 44 40 |
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
|
05/07/2013 14:59:24 |
16/09/2013 16:24:09 |
|
|
|
2013 07 10 16 49 10 |
2013 07 31 23 59 06 |
MIM1, Inside |
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
2013 08 01 00 00 37 |
2013 08 31 23 59 05 |
the phantom (behind panel 206)- 23.09.2013г |
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
2013 09 01 00 00 01 |
2013 09 23 13 24 04 |
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
|
2013 09 23 14 52 00 |
2013 09 27 15 25 21 |
From |
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
2013 09 27 16 16 56 |
2013 10 25 22 03 30 |
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
|
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|||
|
27.09.2013 to |
|||
|
14.02.2014г - |
|||
|
2013 10 25 22 05 00 |
2013 10 31 23 59 27 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
MIM1, Outside |
|||
|
2013 11 01 00 00 58 |
2013 11 30 17 17 21 |
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
|
the phantom |
|||
|
(behind panel |
|||
|
2013 12 12 13 06 22 |
2013 12 31 23 59 38 |
F1, F2, D1, D2 |
|
|
206) |
|||
|
2014 01 01 00 00 06 |
2014 12 31 23 58 31 |
F1, D1 |
|
|
|
|||
|
2014 02 25 10 49 16 |
2014 04 30 23 59 27 |
Inside phantom |
F1, F2, D1, D2 |
|
2014 05 01 00 00 57 |
2014 05 31 23 12 41 |
F1, F2, D1, D2 |
|
|
2014 06 01 00 00 07 |
2014 07 29 17 38 16 |
F1, D1 |
|
|
2014 08 07 14 52 45 |
2014 08 31 23 59 59 |
F1, F2, D1, D2 |
|
|
2014 09 01 00 00 13 |
2014 10 11 13 06 40 |
F1, D1 |
|
|
2014 10 11 17 02 09 |
2014 10 31 23 58 30 |
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
|
2014 11 01 00 00 00 |
2014 11 06 15 07 35 |
F3, D3 |
|
|
2015 03 05 14 58 55 |
2015 03 31 08 48 57 |
|
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
2015 04 01 15 01 01 |
2015 04 30 23 58 33 |
|
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
2015 05 01 00 00 05 |
2015 05 31 23 59 39 |
|
F1, F2, F3, D1, D2, D3 |
|
2015 06 01 00 01 09 |
2015 06 30 23 59 46 |
|
F1, F3,D1, D3 |
|
2015 07 02 15 15 52 |
2015 07 31 23 59 21 |
|
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
2015 08 01 00 00 51 |
2015 08 31 23 53 57 |
|
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
|
2015 09 01 00 00 31 |
2015 09 05 08 11 41 |
|
F1, F3, D1, D3 |
Additional references, concerning Liulin-5 data:
Dachev, T.P., J. Semkova, B. Tomov, Yu. Matviichuk, Pl. Dimitrov, R. Koleva, St. Malchev, G. Reitz, G. Horneck, G. De Angelis, D.-P. Häder, V. Petrov, V. Shurshakov, V. Benghin, I. Chernykh, S. Drobyshev, N. G. Bankov, Space Shuttle drops down the SAA doses on ISS, Adv. Space Res., 47, 2030-2038 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2011.01.034
Dachev, T.P., J.V. Semkova, B.T. Tomov, Yu.N. Matviichuk, Pl.G. S. Maltchev, R. Koleva, Pl., Dimitrov, N.G. Bankov, V.V., Shurshakov, V.V., Benghin, E.N., Yarmanova, O.A. Ivanova, D.-P. Häder, M.T. Schuster, G. Reitz, G. Horneck, Y. Uchihori, H. Kitamura, O. Ploc, J. Kubancak, I. Nikolaev, Overview of the Liulin type instruments for space radiation measurement and their scientific results, 92–114, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2015.01.005
Semkova, J., R. Koleva, S. Maltchev, N. Kanchev, V. Benghin, et al., Radiation measurements inside a human phantom aboard the international space station using Liulin-5 charged particle telescope. Adv. Space Res., 45 (7), 858–865, 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2009.08.027
Semkova, J., and R. Koleva. Overview on the radiation quantities observed by Liulin-5 instrument in a Human Phantom on international space station during the minimum of 23rd solar cycle. Compt. Rend. Acad. Bulg. Sci., 63 (10), 1533–1542, 2010.
Semkova, J., R. Koleva, St. Maltchev, N. Bankov, V. Benghin, I. Chernykh, V. Shurshakov, V. Petrov, S. Drobyshev, and I. Nikolaev. Depth dose measurements with the Liulin-5 experiment inside the spherical phantom of the Matroshka-R project onboard the international space station. Adv. Space Res., 49, 471–478, 2012, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2011.10.005
Semkova, J., R. Koleva, S. Maltchev, N. Bankov, V. Benghin, I. Chernykh, V. Shurshakov, and V. Petrov. Radiation characteristics in the spherical tissue-equivalent phantom on the ISS during solar activity minimum according the data from Liulin-5 experiment. J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 99, 157–163, 2013a, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2012.07.006
Semkova, J., R. Koleva, N. Bankov, St. Malchev, and V.M. Petrov. Study of radiation conditions onboard the International space station by means of the Liulin-5 dosimeter. Cosmic Res., 51 (2), 124–132, 2013b, , http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S0010952512060068
Semkova, J., Koleva, R., Maltchev, St., Bankov, N., Benghin, V., et al., Radiation characteristics in the spherical tissue-equivalent phantom on the ISS during solar activity minimum according the data from Liulin-5 experiment. J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 99, 157–163, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2012.07.006
Semkova J, Dachev T, Koleva R, Maltchev S, Bankov N, et al. Radiation Environment on the International Space Station During the Solar Particle Events in March 2012. Astrobiol Outreach 1: 102. 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/jao.1000102
Semkova, J., T. Dachev, R. Koleva, N. Bankov, S. Maltchev, V. Benghin, V. Shurshakov, V. Petrov,. Observation of radiation environment in the International Space Station in 2012–March 2013 by Liulin-5 particle telescope, J. Space Weather Space Clim., 4, A32, 2014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2014029
Please acknowledge data provider:
1. Jordanka Semkova, SRTI-BAS jsemkova@stil.bas.bg or: jordankasemkova@gmail.com
URL: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=CIqDrmgAAAAJ&hl=en